News from Thrun Law

April 30, 2026

Michigan law requires public schools to adopt their annual budgets by June 30 each year. A taxing entity, including a school district or ISD, must satisfy the truth-in-taxation process if its anticipated operating tax revenue will exceed what it collected in the previous fiscal year (with exceptions for certain taxable additions). Elements of this process include: (1) publishing a newspaper notice, (2) holding a truth-in-taxation public hearing, and (3) adopting resolutions proposing and...

April 27, 2026

As schools begin planning for bond elections to finance large construction projects, architectural or construction management firms may offer pre-bond agreements. These agreements can provide valuable guidance in planning, estimating costs, and preparing for bond elections and projects, but they also carry potential pitfalls if not negotiated carefully.

Scope of Services

Pre-bond agreements typically outline a range of services that architects and...

April 20, 2026

As the school year winds down, we remind school officials of Revised School Code (RSC) Section 1236 and how it affects a substitute teacher’s rights to continued employment, compensation, and fringe benefits. The Michigan Court of Appeals has interpreted “substitute teacher” to mean, for purposes of Section 1236, a teacher who serves in place of a regular teacher. This interpretation does not apply to a substitute teacher retained through a third-party contractor.

Under...

April 13, 2026

Prom season is fast approaching – along with a myriad of related legal issues. To navigate those concerns, school officials should be aware of the following best practices to ensure a successful celebration.

Attendance

Attending prom is a privilege, not a constitutional right. School officials may revoke that privilege if a student fails to comply with reasonable conduct standards. A student cannot, however, be precluded from attending prom based on...

April 6, 2026

Michigan schools are entering a new era of digital accessibility. The Department of Justice recently issued a final rule (Rule) under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) setting technical accessibility standards for school websites and mobile applications. Understanding the Rule’s requirements is the first step toward compliance.

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines

Generally, the Rule requires web content and mobile apps provided or made...

March 30, 2026

As part of our service to retainer clients, Thrun Law Firm will conduct a series of 1-hour webinars this spring. The Tuesdays with Thrun webinar series will be offered at no charge to our retainer clients.

Webinars will be held on the following dates/times and will cover the following topics:

  • Tuesday, April 14, 2026
    • 8:30 a.m. – 9:35 a.m.: How to Use Legal Counsel
    • 9:45 a.m. – 10:50 a.m.: How to Deal with an...
March 23, 2026

To avoid an unintended contract extension or acquired tenure status, school officials must follow statutory timelines and procedures to non-renew a probationary teacher’s contract.

Probationary Period

Following the recent Teachers’ Tenure Act amendments, teachers acquire tenure when they have: (1) received an “effective” or “highly effective” evaluation rating on three performance evaluations, including their most recent evaluation; and (2) completed...

March 16, 2026

As school officials plan for facility updates or major purchases, a common question often arises: can sinking fund revenue be used for this expense?

Sinking fund revenue, distinct from general fund money or bond proceeds, comes with its own set of statutory and voter-approved spending restrictions. Understanding these restrictions is crucial for complying with permissible uses and avoiding costly consequences.

Permissible Uses

A sinking fund...

March 9, 2026

Have you ever finished a ten-minute phone call with a parent, and, before you can even grab a cup of coffee, a 1,000-word follow-up email hits your inbox, perfectly formatted and filled with legal citations? If so, you have likely experienced the onslaught of AI-assisted advocacy.

From threatening emails to robotic-sounding complaints and overly broad FOIA requests, parents, advocates, and community members are using AI more frequently to communicate with school officials. To assist...

March 2, 2026

On February 10, 2026, Governor Whitmer signed Public Act 2 of 2026, which restricts student cell phone use during instructional time. Beginning with the 2026-2027 school year, a board of education must implement a policy that prohibits students from using wireless communications devices on school grounds during instructional time.

The new law defines “wireless communication device” as an electronic device capable of, but not limited to, text messaging, voice communication,...

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